PART  329


              FATS WALLER  - The Joint Is Jumpin'  (1937)
              FATS WALLER  - Ain't Misbehavin'  (1943)
              FATS WALLER  & ADA BROWN  -  That Ain't Right  (1943)


      "Ain't Misbehavin'" is a 1929 song written by Thomas "Fats" Waller, Harry Brooks (music) and Andy Razaf (lyrics). Waller recorded the original version that year for Victor Records. It was used in the off-broadway musical Connie's Hot Chocolates. It has been recorded by many other performers over the years, including Anita O'Day, Billie Holiday, Ella Fitzgerald, Louis Armstrong, Miles Davis, Kay Starr, Frankie Laine, Art Tatum, Sonny Stitt, Sam Cooke, Johnnie Ray, Sidney Bechet, Ray Charles, Elkie Brooks, Bill Haley & His Comets (who recorded a rock and roll version in 1957). In 1960 Tommy Bruce and the Bruisers had a #3 hit in the UK with their version of the song. Leon Redbone performed the song on Saturday Night Live in 1976. The original 1929 recording of "Ain't Misbehavin'", by Fats Waller received the Grammy Hall of Fame Award in 1984, and it was one of fifty recordings selected for inclusion in the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress in 2004. In 2001, it was one of 365 Songs of the Century selected by the RIAA.
     "That Ain't Right" is the 1942 debut single by The King Cole Trio. "That Ain't Right" hit number one on Billboard magazine's Harlem Hit Parade chart for one week The song has been recorded by many other performers over the years, including Fats Waller and Ada Brown in 1943.


     Fats Waller (May 21, 1904 – December 15, 1943) was a jazz pianist, organist, composer and singer.He was a skilled pianist, and master of stride piano, having been the prize pupil and later friend and colleague of the greatest of the stride pianists, James P. Johnson. Waller was one of the most popular performers of his era, finding critical and commercial success in his homeland and in Europe. He was also a prolific songwriter and many songs he wrote or co-wrote are still popular, such as "Honeysuckle Rose", "Ain't Misbehavin'" and "Squeeze Me".

      Ada Brown (May 1, 1890, - March 31, 1950)  was an American blues singer. She was born and raised in Kansas City, Kansas, United States; her cousin James Scott was a ragtime composer and pianist. Her early career was spent primarily on stage in musical theater and vaudeville. She recorded with Bennie Moten in 1926; the side "Evil Mama Blues" is possibly the earliest recording of Kansas City jazz. She is best known for her recordings of "Ill Natural Blues", "Break O' Day Blues", and "Evil Mama Blues. 






                    HISTORY OF POP AND ROCK MUSIC 


  03 . JAZZ  &  SWING  

     Dixieland music, sometimes referred to as Hot jazz, Early Jazz or New Orleans jazz, is   the earliest style of Jazz music  which developed in New Orleans at the start of the 20th century, and was spread to Chicago and New York City by New Orleans bands in the 1910s.
 The style combined earlier brass band marches, French Quadrilles, ragtime and blues with collective, polyphonic improvisation. While instrumentation and size of bands can be very flexible, the "standard" band consists of a "front line" of trumpet (or cornet), trombone, and clarinet, with a "rhythm section" of at least two of the following instruments: guitar or banjo, string bass or tuba, piano, and drums.Well-known jazz standard songs from the Dixieland era, such as "Basin Street Blues" and "When the Saints Go Marching In", are known even to non-jazz fans.

              LOUIS ARMSTRONG -  When the Saints Go Marching In   


     Harlem Stride Piano, Stride Piano, or just Stride, is a jazz piano style that was developed in the large cities of the East Coast, mainly in the New York, during 1920s and 1930s. The name "stride" comes from the left-hand movement "striding" up and down the keyboard. Pianist James P. Johnson, known as the "Father of Stride", created this unique style of jazz along with fellow pianists, Willie "The Lion" Smith, Fats Waller, and Luckey Roberts. 
Other notable stride pianists include Art Tatum, Thelonious Monk, Johnny Guarnieri, Don Ewell, Louis Mazetier, Donald Lambert, Cliff Jackson, Dick Wellstood, Butch Thompson, Pat Flowers, Bernd Lhotzky, Joe Turner, Claude Hopkins, Ralph Sutton, Hank Duncan, Dick Hyman, Mike Lipskin, Stephanie Trick, Morten Gunnar Larsen, William Turk, John Gill, Seth "Fingers Flynn" Barkan, and Mark Birnbaum

             FATS WALLER  -  The Joint Is Jumpin'  (1937)
             FATS WALLER  -  Ain't Misbehavin'  (1943)


     A jazz band (or jazz ensemble) is a musical ensemble that plays jazz music usually without a conductor. Jazz bands usually consist of a rhythm section and a horn section. The rhythm section of a jazz band consists of the percussion, double bass or bass guitar, and usually at least one instrument capable of playing chords, such as a piano, guitar,The horn section consists of wind and brass instruments, which play the melody and main accompaniment. Typical horns found in a big jazz band include 4 to 5 trumpets, saxophones (2-3 altos, 2 tenors, and a baritone), 3-4 trombones, and a bass trombone. 


            LOUIS ARMSTRONG & HIS HOT FIVE  -  WEST END BLUES   (1928)
            DUKE ELLINGTON  - BLACK & TAN FANTASY  (1929)
            DUKE ELLINGTON ORCHESTRA   (1930)  
            LOUIS ARMSTRONG & HIS HOT FIVE  -  WEST END BLUES   (1928)
            MILLS BROTHER   - TIGER RAG  (1932) 
            MILLS BROTHER  -  SWING IT, SISTER   (1934)






     With the end of prohibition in the United States, a more 'danceable' form of jazz music arose, giving birth to the 'Swing Era'. Swing music, also known as swing jazz or simply swing, is a form of jazz music that developed in the early 1930s and had solidified as a distinctive style by 1935 in the United States. Swing uses a strong anchoring rhythm section which supports a lead section that can include brass instruments, including trumpets and trombones, woodwinds including saxophones and clarinets or stringed instruments including violin and guitar; medium to fast tempos; and a "lilting" swing time rhythm. Swing bands usually featured soloists who would improvise a new melody over the arrangement.   Glenn Miller, Benny Goodman, Count Basie, Tommy and Jimmy Dorsey, and Duke Ellington's bands are some of the most famous. Except for Duke Ellington, all those bands were primarily dance bands, with big swinging backbeats.            Many of the great post war jazz singers sang with these bands in the infancy of their careers..

          
          THE GLENN MILLER ORCHESTRA  - Chattanooga Coho Coho  (1941)
          THE GLENN MILLER ORCHESTRA  - In the Mood  (1941)
          LYNN BARI &  THE GLENN MILLER ORCHESTRA  - I Know Why (1941)
      

  
03.02.  Vocal Jazz

         Voice has been a part of jazz since the beginning. Almost every instrumental jazz style has its vocal equivalent. Louis Armstrong revolutionized music with his horn and natural singing style. The entrance of Billie Holiday into the world of jazz singing in the early 1930s was a revelation. She approached the voice from a radical angle, explaining, in her own words. Lena Horne and Ethel Waters used standard songs as a means for personal expression and how they phrased their lines influenced others well past the Swing era. The lush voices of Billy Eckstine and his protege Sarah Vaughan worked in the Bop idiom that they helped create. While Ella Fitzgerald could front a full string orchestra with an amazingly pure voice, she could also scat (improvise wordlessly on a melody) better than even Mel Torme, who epitomized the 1950s Cool West Coast scene with his sophisticated, light swing. Betty Carter took singing further out by abandoning the narrative of lyrics and influencing arty Post-Boppers








03.02 Post-war jazz   (1950s and 1960s)

             The birth of Rock & Roll as a distinct genre, and a new generation of teenagers having different tastes than their previous adult audience caused a significant decline in Jazz’s popularity. Many of the singers that had worked with the great big bands of the swing era were now solo artists, in the prime of their careers and many had achieved fame internationally. Sarah Vaughan, Mel Tormé, Lambert, Hendricks & Ross, Billy Eckstine, Joe Williams, Dinah Washington, Tony Bennett, Anita O'Day, Chris Connor, June Christy, Billie Holiday, Nina Simone, Dakota Staton, and Carmen McRae all greatly advanced vocal jazz at this period.


          ANITA O'DAY  -  SWEET GEORGIA BROWN   (1958)
          ANITA O'DAY  -  TEA FOR TWO  (1958)
          NINA SIMONE  -  ERETS ZAVAT CHALAV   (1962)
          NINA SIMONE  -  ZUNGO  (1962)
          NINA SIMONE  -  I WANT A LITTLE SUGAR IN MY BOWL  (1967)
          NINA SIMONE  -  Don't Let Me Be Misunderstood  (1968)
          NINA SIMONE  -  BACKLASH BLUES  (1976)
          NINA SIMONE  -  I WISH I KNEW HOW IT WOULD FEEL TO BE FREE  (1976)  
          NINA SIMONE  -  WHAT YOU GONNA DO  (1982)
          NINA SIMONE  -  MY BABY JUST CARES FOR ME   (1987)
          NINA SIMONE  -  ROMEO AND JULIET  Fantasy Overture (Tchaikovsky)